The lhstats Reference Manual

This is the lhstats Reference Manual, version 1.1.1, generated automatically by Declt version 4.0 beta 2 "William Riker" on Mon Feb 26 16:53:26 2024 GMT+0.

Table of Contents


1 Introduction


2 Systems

The main system appears first, followed by any subsystem dependency.


2.1 lhstats

Statistical functions by Larry Hunter and Jeff Shrager.

Maintainer

Matt Curtis <>

Author

Larry Hunter, Jeff Shrager

License

GNU General Public License version 2 (GPLv2)

Version

1.1.1

Source

lhstats.asd.

Child Components

3 Files

Files are sorted by type and then listed depth-first from the systems components trees.


3.1 Lisp


3.1.1 lhstats/lhstats.asd

Source

lhstats.asd.

Parent Component

lhstats (system).

ASDF Systems

lhstats.


3.1.2 lhstats/package.lisp

Source

lhstats.asd.

Parent Component

lhstats (system).

Packages

statistics.


3.1.3 lhstats/lhstats.lisp

Dependency

package.lisp (file).

Source

lhstats.asd.

Parent Component

lhstats (system).

Public Interface
Internals

4 Packages

Packages are listed by definition order.


4.1 statistics

Statistical functions

Source

package.lisp.

Nickname

stats

Use List

common-lisp.

Public Interface
Internals

5 Definitions

Definitions are sorted by export status, category, package, and then by lexicographic order.


5.1 Public Interface


5.1.1 Macros

Macro: square (x)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Macro: test-variables (&rest args)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.


5.1.2 Ordinary functions

Function: bin-and-count (sequence n)

Make N equal width bins and count the number of elements of sequence that belong in each.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: binomial-cumulative-probability (n k p)

P(X<k) for X a binomial random variable with parameters n &
p. Bionomial expecations for fewer than k events in N trials, each having probability p.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: binomial-ge-probability (n k p)

The probability of k or more occurances in N events, each with probability p.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: binomial-probability (n k p)

P(X=k) for X a binomial random variable with parameters n &
p. Binomial expectations for seeing k events in N trials, each having probability p. Use the Poisson approximation if N>100 and P<0.01.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: binomial-probability-ci (n p alpha &key exact?)

Confidence intervals on a binomial probability. If a binomial probability of p has been observed in N trials, what is the 1-alpha confidence interval around p? Approximate (using normal theory approximation) when npq >= 10 unless told otherwise

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: binomial-test-one-sample (p-hat n p &key tails exact?)

The significance of a one sample test for the equality of an observed probability p-hat to an expected probability p under a binomial distribution with N observations. Use the normal theory approximation if n*p*(1-p) > 10 (unless the exact flag is true).

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: binomial-test-one-sample-sse (p-estimated p-null &key alpha 1-beta tails)

Returns the number of subjects needed to test whether an observed probability is significantly different from a particular binomial null hypothesis with a significance alpha and a power 1-beta.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: binomial-test-paired-sse (pd pa &key alpha 1-beta tails)

Sample size estimate for the McNemar (discordant pairs) test. Pd is the projected proportion of discordant pairs among all pairs, and Pa is the projected proportion of type A pairs among discordant pairs. alpha, 1-beta and tails are as binomal-test-two-sample-sse.

Returns the number of individuals necessary; that is twice the number of matched pairs necessary.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: binomial-test-two-sample (p-hat1 n1 p-hat2 n2 &key tails exact?)

Are the observed probabilities of an event (p-hat1 and p-hat2) in N1/N2 trials different? The normal theory method implemented here. The exact test is Fisher’s contingency table method, below.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: binomial-test-two-sample-sse (p1 p2 &key alpha sample-ratio 1-beta tails)

The number of subjects needed to test if two binomial probabilities are different at a given significance alpha and power 1-beta. The sample sizes can be unequal; the p2 sample is sample-sse-ratio * the size of the p1 sample. It can be a one tailed or two tailed test.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: chi-square (dof percentile)

Returns the point which is the indicated percentile in the Chi Square distribution with dof degrees of freedom.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: chi-square-cdf (x dof)

Computes the left hand tail area under the chi square distribution under dof degrees of freedom up to X. Adopted from CLASP 1.4.3, http://eksl-www.cs.umass.edu/clasp.html

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: chi-square-test-for-trend (row1-counts row2-counts &optional scores)

This test works on a 2xk table and assesses if there is an increasing or decreasing trend. Arguments are equal sized lists counts. Optionally, provide a list of scores, which represent some numeric attribute of the group. If not provided, scores are assumed to be 1 to k.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: chi-square-test-one-sample (variance n sigma-squared &key tails)

The significance of a one sample Chi square test for the variance of a normal distribution. Variance is the observed variance, N is the number of observations, and sigma-squared is the test variance.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: chi-square-test-rxc (contingency-table)

Takes contingency-table, an RxC array, and returns the significance of the relationship between the row variable and the column variable. Any difference in proportion will cause this test to be significant – consider using the test for trend instead if you are looking for a consistent change.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: choose (n k)

How may ways to take n things taken k at a time, when order doesn’t matter

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: coefficient-of-variation (sequence)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: convert-to-standard-normal (x mu sigma)

Convert X from a Normal distribution with mean mu and variance sigma to standard normal

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: correlation-coefficient (points)

just r from linear-regression. Also called Pearson Correlation

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: correlation-sse (rho &key alpha 1-beta)

Returns the size of a sample necessary to find a correlation of expected value rho with significance alpha and power 1-beta.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: correlation-test-two-sample (r1 n1 r2 n2 &key tails)

Test if two correlation coefficients are different. Users Fisher’s Z test.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: correlation-test-two-sample-on-sequences (points1 points2 &key tails)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: f-significance (f-statistic numerator-dof denominator-dof &optional one-tailed-p)

Adopted from CLASP, but changed to handle F < 1 correctly in the one-tailed case. The ‘f-statistic’ must be a positive number. The degrees of freedom arguments must be positive integers. The ‘one-tailed-p’ argument is treated as a boolean.

This implementation follows Numerical Recipes in C, section 6.3 and the ‘ftest’ function in section 13.4.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: f-test (variance1 n1 variance2 n2 &key tails)

F test for the equality of two variances

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: false-discovery-correction (p-values &key rate)

A multiple testing correction that is less conservative than Bonferroni. Takes a list of p-values and a false discovery rate, and returns the number of p-values that are likely to be good enough to reject the null at that rate. Returns a second value which is the p-value cutoff. See

Benjamini Y and Hochberg Y. "Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing." J R Stat Soc Ser B 57: 289 300, 1995.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: fisher-exact-test (contingency-table &key tails)

Fisher’s exact test. Gives a p value for a particular 2x2 contingency table

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: fisher-z-transform (r)

Transforms the correlation coefficient to an approximately normal distribution.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: geometric-mean (sequence &optional base)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: linear-regression (points)

Computes the regression equation for a least squares fit of a line to a sequence of points (each a list of two numbers, e.g. ’((1.0 0.1) (2.0 0.2))) and report the intercept, slope, correlation coefficient r, R^2, and the significance of the difference of the slope from 0.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: mcnemars-test (a-discordant-count b-discordant-count &key exact?)

McNemar’s test for correlated proportions, used for longitudinal studies. Look only at the number of discordant pairs (one treatment is effective and the other is not). If the two treatments are A and B, a-discordant-count is the number where A worked and B did not, and b-discordant-count is the number where B worked and A did not.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: mean (sequence)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: mean-sd-n (sequence)

A combined calculation that is often useful. Takes a sequence and returns three values: mean, standard deviation and N.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: median (sequence)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: mode (sequence)

Returns two values: a list of the modes and the number of times they occur.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: normal-mean-ci (mean sd n alpha)

Confidence interval for the mean of a normal distribution

The 1-alpha percent confidence interval on the mean of a normal distribution with parameters mean, sd & n.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: normal-mean-ci-on-sequence (sequence alpha)

The 1-alpha confidence interval on the mean of a sequence of numbers drawn from a Normal distribution.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: normal-pdf (x mu sigma)

The probability density function (PDF) for a normal distribution with mean mu and variance sigma at point x.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: normal-sd-ci (sd n alpha)

As normal-variance-ci-on-sequence, but a confidence inverval for the standard deviation.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: normal-sd-ci-on-sequence (sequence alpha)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: normal-variance-ci (variance n alpha)

The 1-alpha confidence interval on the variance of a sequence of numbers drawn from a Normal distribution.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: normal-variance-ci-on-sequence (sequence alpha)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: percentile (sequence percent)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: permutations (n k)

How many ways to take n things taken k at a time, when order matters

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: phi (x)

the CDF of standard normal distribution. Adopted from CLASP 1.4.3, see copyright notice at http://eksl-www.cs.umass.edu/clasp.html

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: poisson-cumulative-probability (mu k)

Probability of seeing fewer than K events over a time period when the expected number events over that time is mu.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: poisson-ge-probability (mu x)

Probability of X or more events when expected is mu.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: poisson-mu-ci (x alpha)

Confidence interval for the Poisson parameter mu

Given x observations in a unit of time, what is the 1-alpha confidence interval on the Poisson parameter mu (= lambda*T)?

Since find-critical-value assumes that the function is monotonic increasing, adjust the value we are looking for taking advantage of reflectiveness.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: poisson-probability (mu k)

Probability of seeing k events over a time period when the expected number of events over that time is mu.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: poisson-test-one-sample (observed mu &key tails approximate?)

The significance of a one sample test for the equality of an observed number of events (observed) and an expected number mu under the poisson distribution. Normal theory approximation is not that great, so don’t use it unless told.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: random-normal (&key mean sd)

returns a random number with mean and standard-distribution as specified.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: random-pick (sequence)

Random selection from sequence

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: random-sample (n sequence)

Return a random sample of size N from sequence, without replacement. If N is equal to or greater than the length of the sequence, return the entire sequence.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: range (sequence)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: round-float (x &key precision)

Rounds a floating point number to a specified number of digits precision.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: sd (sequence)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: sign-test (plus-count minus-count &key exact? tails)

Really just a special case of the binomial one sample test with p = 1/2. The normal theory version has a correction factor to make it a better approximation.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: sign-test-on-sequences (sequence1 sequence2 &key exact? tails)

Same as sign-test, but takes two sequences and tests whether the entries in one are different (greater or less) than the other.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: spearman-rank-correlation (points)

Spearman rank correlation computes the relationship between a pair of variables when one or both are either ordinal or have a distribution that is far from normal. It takes a list of points (same format as linear-regression) and returns the spearman rank correlation coefficient and its significance.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: standard-deviation (sequence)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: standard-error-of-the-mean (sequence)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: t-distribution (dof percentile)

Returns the point which is the indicated percentile in the T distribution with dof degrees of freedom. Adopted from CLASP 1.4.3, http://eksl-www.cs.umass.edu/clasp.html

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: t-significance (t-statistic dof &key tails)

Lookup table in Rosner; this is adopted from CLASP/Numeric Recipes (CLASP 1.4.3), http://eksl-www.cs.umass.edu/clasp.html

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: t-test-one-sample (x-bar sd n mu &key tails)

The significance of a one sample T test for the mean of a normal distribution with unknown variance. X-bar is the observed mean, sd is the observed standard deviation, N is the number of observations and mu is the test mean.

See also t-test-one-sample-on-sequence

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: t-test-one-sample-on-sequence (sequence mu &key tails)

As t-test-one-sample, but calculates the observed values from a sequence of numbers.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: t-test-one-sample-sse (mu mu-null variance &key alpha 1-beta tails)

Returns the number of subjects needed to test whether the mean of a normally distributed sample mu is different from a null hypothesis mean mu-null and variance variance, with alpha, 1-beta and tails as specified.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: t-test-paired (d-bar sd n &key tails)

The significance of a paired t test for the means of two normal distributions in a longitudinal study. D-bar is the mean difference, sd is the standard deviation of the differences, N is the number of pairs.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: t-test-paired-on-sequences (before after &key tails)

The significance of a paired t test for means of two normal distributions in a longitudinal study. Before is a sequence of before values, after is the sequence of paired after values (which must be the same length as the before sequence).

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: t-test-paired-sse (difference-mu difference-variance &key alpha 1-beta tails)

Returns the number of subjects needed to test whether the differences with mean difference-mu and variance difference-variance, with alpha, 1-beta and tails as specified.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: t-test-two-sample (x-bar1 sd1 n1 x-bar2 sd2 n2 &key variances-equal? variance-significance-cutoff tails)

The significance of the difference of two means (x-bar1 and x-bar2) with standard deviations sd1 and sd2, and sample sizes n1 and n2 respectively. The form of the two sample t test depends on whether the sample variances are equal or not. If the variable variances-equal? is :test, then we use an F test and the variance-significance-cutoff to determine if they are equal. If the variances are equal, then we use the two sample t test for equal variances. If they are not equal, we use the Satterthwaite method, which has good type I error properties (at the loss of some power).

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: t-test-two-sample-on-sequences (sequence1 sequence2 &key variance-significance-cutoff tails)

Same as t-test-two-sample, but providing the sequences rather than the summaries.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: t-test-two-sample-sse (mu1 variance1 mu2 variance2 &key sample-ratio alpha 1-beta tails)

Returns the number of subjects needed to test whether the mean mu1 of a normally distributed sample (with variance variance1) is different from a second sample with mean mu2 and variance variance2, with alpha, 1-beta and tails as specified. It is also possible to set a sample size ratio of sample 1 to sample 2.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: variance (sequence)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: wilcoxon-signed-rank-test (differences &optional tails)

A test on the ranking of positive and negative differences (are the positive differences significantly larger/smaller than the negative ones). Assumes a continuous and symmetric distribution of differences, although not a normal one. This is the normal theory approximation, which is only valid when N > 15.

This test is completely equivalent to the Mann-Whitney test.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: wilcoxon-signed-rank-test-on-sequences (sequence1 sequence2 &optional tails)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: z (percentile &key epsilon)

The inverse normal function, P(X<Zu) = u where X is distributed as the standard normal. Uses binary search.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: z-test (x-bar n &key mu sigma tails)

The significance of a one sample Z test for the mean of a normal distribution with known variance.

mu is the null hypothesis mean, x-bar is the observed mean, sigma is the standard deviation and N is the number of observations. If tails is :both, the significance of a difference between x-bar and mu. If tails is :positive, the significance of x-bar is greater than mu, and if tails is :negative, the significance of x-bar being less than mu.

Returns a p value.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: z-test-on-sequence (sequence &key mu sigma tails)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.


5.2 Internals


5.2.1 Special variables

Special Variable: *critical-values-of-r*
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Special Variable: *critical-values-of-r-two-tailed-column-interpretaion*
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Special Variable: *f0.05*
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Special Variable: *f0.10*
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Special Variable: *q-table*
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Special Variable: *t-cdf-critical-points-table-for-.05*
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.


5.2.2 Macros

Macro: display (&rest l)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Macro: underflow-goes-to-zero (&body body)

Protects against floating point underflow errors and sets the value to 0.0 instead.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Macro: z/protect (expr testvar)

Macro to protect from division by zero.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.


5.2.3 Ordinary functions

Function: 2-tailed-correlation-significance (n r)

We use the first line for anything less than 5, and the last line for anything over 500. Otherwise, find the nearest value (maybe we should interpolate ... too much bother!)

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: all-squares (as bs)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: anova1 (d)

One way simple ANOVA, from Neter, et al. p677+. Data is give as a list of lists, each one representing a treatment, and each containing the observations.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: anova2 (a1b1 a1b2 a2b1 a2b2)

Two-Way Anova. (From Misanin & Hinderliter, 1991, p. 367-) This is specialized for four groups of equal n, called by their plot location names: left1 left2 right1 right2.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: anova2r (g1 g2)

Two way ANOVA with repeated measures on one dimension. From Ferguson & Takane, 1989, p. 359. Data is organized differently for this test. Each group (g1 g2) contains list of all subjects’ repeated measures, and same for B. So, A: ((t1s1g1 t2s1g1 ...) (t1s2g2 t2s2g2 ...) ...) Have to have the same number of test repeats for each subject, and this assumes the same number of subject in each group.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: average-rank (value sorted-values)

Average rank calculation for non-parametric tests. Ranks are 1 based, but lisp is 0 based, so add 1!

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: beta-incomplete (a b x)

Adopted from CLASP 1.4.3, http://eksl-www.cs.umass.edu/clasp.html

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: binomial-le-probability (n k p)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: chi-square-1 (expected observed)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: chi-square-2 (table)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: correlate (x y)

Correlation of two sequences, as in Ferguson & Takane, 1989, p. 125. Assumes NO MISSING VALUES!

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: cross-mean (l)

Cross mean takes a list of lists, as ((1 2 3) (4 3 2 1) ...) and produces a list with mean and standard error for each VERTICLE entry, so, as: ((2.5 . 1) ...) where the first pair is computed from the nth 1 of all the sublists in the input set, etc. This is useful in some cases of data cruching.

Note that missing data is assumed to be always at the END of lists. If it isn’t, you’ve got to do something previously to interpolate.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: dumplot (v &optional show-values)

A dumb terminal way of plotting data.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: error-function (x)

Adopted from CLASP 1.4.3, http://eksl-www.cs.umass.edu/clasp.html

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: error-function-complement (x)

Adopted from CLASP 1.4.3, http://eksl-www.cs.umass.edu/clasp.html

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: even-power-of-two? (n)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: f-score>p-limit? (df1 df2 f-score limits-table)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: factorial (number)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: find-critical-value (p-function p-value &optional x-tolerance y-tolerance)

Adopted from CLASP 1.4.3, http://eksl-www.cs.umass.edu/clasp.html

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: gamma-incomplete (a x)

Adopted from CLASP 1.4.3, http://eksl-www.cs.umass.edu/clasp.html

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: gamma-ln (x)

Adopted from CLASP 1.4.3, http://eksl-www.cs.umass.edu/clasp.html

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: harmonic-mean (seq)

See: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/HarmonicMean.html

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: histovalues (v* &key nbins)

Take a set of values and produce a histogram binned into n groups, so that you can get a report of the distribution of values. There’s a large chance for off-by-one errores here!

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: lmean (ll)

Lmean takes the mean of entries in a list of lists vertically. So: (lmean ’((1 2) (5 6))) -> (3 4) The args have to be the same length.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: max* (l &rest ll)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: min* (l &rest ll)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: n-random (n l)

Select n random sublists from a list, without replacement. This copies the list and then destroys the copy. N better be less than or equal to (length l).

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: normalize (v)

Normalize a vector by dividing it through by subtracting its min and then dividing through by its range (max-min). If the numbers are all the same, this would screw up, so we check that first and just return a long list of 0.5 if so!

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: p2 (v)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: protected-mean (l)

Computes a mean protected where there will be a divide by zero, and gives us n/a in that case.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: pround (n v)

Returns a string that is rounded to the appropriate number of digits, but the only thing you can do with it is print it. It’s just a convenience hack for rounding recursive lists.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: regress (x y)

Simple linear regression.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: round-up (x)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: s2 (l n)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: safe-exp (x)

Eliminates floating point underflow for the exponential function. Instead, it just returns 0.0d0

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: sign (x)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: sqr (a)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: standard-error (sequence)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: sum (l)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: t-p-value (x df &optional warn?)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: t1-test (values target &optional warn?)

One way t-test to see if a group differs from a numerical mean target value. From Misanin & Hinderliter p. 248.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: t1-value (values target)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: t2-test (l1 l2)

T2-test calculates an UNPAIRED t-test.

From Misanin & Hinderliter p. 268. The t-cdf part is inherent in xlispstat, and I’m not entirely sure that it’s really the right computation since it doens’t agree entirely with Table 5 of M&H, but it’s close, so I assume that M&H have round-off error.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: t2-value (l1 l2)
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: testanova2 ()
Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: tukey-q (k dfwg)

Finds the Q table for the appopriate K, and then walks BACKWARDS through it (in a kind of ugly way!) to find the appropriate place in the table for the DFwg, and then uses the level (which must be 0.01 or 0.05, indicating the first, or second col of the table) to determine if the Q value reaches significance, and gives us a + or - final result.

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: wilcoxon-1 (initial-values target)

Nonparametric one-sample (signed) rank test (Wilcoxon).

From http://www.graphpad.com/instatman/HowtheWilcoxonranksumtestworks.htm

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.

Function: x2test ()

Simple Chi-Squares From Clarke & Cooke p. 431; should = ~7.0

Package

statistics.

Source

lhstats.lisp.


Appendix A Indexes


A.1 Concepts


A.2 Functions

Jump to:   2  
A   B   C   D   E   F   G   H   L   M   N   P   R   S   T   U   V   W   X   Z  
Index Entry  Section

2
2-tailed-correlation-significance: Private ordinary functions

A
all-squares: Private ordinary functions
anova1: Private ordinary functions
anova2: Private ordinary functions
anova2r: Private ordinary functions
average-rank: Private ordinary functions

B
beta-incomplete: Private ordinary functions
bin-and-count: Public ordinary functions
binomial-cumulative-probability: Public ordinary functions
binomial-ge-probability: Public ordinary functions
binomial-le-probability: Private ordinary functions
binomial-probability: Public ordinary functions
binomial-probability-ci: Public ordinary functions
binomial-test-one-sample: Public ordinary functions
binomial-test-one-sample-sse: Public ordinary functions
binomial-test-paired-sse: Public ordinary functions
binomial-test-two-sample: Public ordinary functions
binomial-test-two-sample-sse: Public ordinary functions

C
chi-square: Public ordinary functions
chi-square-1: Private ordinary functions
chi-square-2: Private ordinary functions
chi-square-cdf: Public ordinary functions
chi-square-test-for-trend: Public ordinary functions
chi-square-test-one-sample: Public ordinary functions
chi-square-test-rxc: Public ordinary functions
choose: Public ordinary functions
coefficient-of-variation: Public ordinary functions
convert-to-standard-normal: Public ordinary functions
correlate: Private ordinary functions
correlation-coefficient: Public ordinary functions
correlation-sse: Public ordinary functions
correlation-test-two-sample: Public ordinary functions
correlation-test-two-sample-on-sequences: Public ordinary functions
cross-mean: Private ordinary functions

D
display: Private macros
dumplot: Private ordinary functions

E
error-function: Private ordinary functions
error-function-complement: Private ordinary functions
even-power-of-two?: Private ordinary functions

F
f-score>p-limit?: Private ordinary functions
f-significance: Public ordinary functions
f-test: Public ordinary functions
factorial: Private ordinary functions
false-discovery-correction: Public ordinary functions
find-critical-value: Private ordinary functions
fisher-exact-test: Public ordinary functions
fisher-z-transform: Public ordinary functions
Function, 2-tailed-correlation-significance: Private ordinary functions
Function, all-squares: Private ordinary functions
Function, anova1: Private ordinary functions
Function, anova2: Private ordinary functions
Function, anova2r: Private ordinary functions
Function, average-rank: Private ordinary functions
Function, beta-incomplete: Private ordinary functions
Function, bin-and-count: Public ordinary functions
Function, binomial-cumulative-probability: Public ordinary functions
Function, binomial-ge-probability: Public ordinary functions
Function, binomial-le-probability: Private ordinary functions
Function, binomial-probability: Public ordinary functions
Function, binomial-probability-ci: Public ordinary functions
Function, binomial-test-one-sample: Public ordinary functions
Function, binomial-test-one-sample-sse: Public ordinary functions
Function, binomial-test-paired-sse: Public ordinary functions
Function, binomial-test-two-sample: Public ordinary functions
Function, binomial-test-two-sample-sse: Public ordinary functions
Function, chi-square: Public ordinary functions
Function, chi-square-1: Private ordinary functions
Function, chi-square-2: Private ordinary functions
Function, chi-square-cdf: Public ordinary functions
Function, chi-square-test-for-trend: Public ordinary functions
Function, chi-square-test-one-sample: Public ordinary functions
Function, chi-square-test-rxc: Public ordinary functions
Function, choose: Public ordinary functions
Function, coefficient-of-variation: Public ordinary functions
Function, convert-to-standard-normal: Public ordinary functions
Function, correlate: Private ordinary functions
Function, correlation-coefficient: Public ordinary functions
Function, correlation-sse: Public ordinary functions
Function, correlation-test-two-sample: Public ordinary functions
Function, correlation-test-two-sample-on-sequences: Public ordinary functions
Function, cross-mean: Private ordinary functions
Function, dumplot: Private ordinary functions
Function, error-function: Private ordinary functions
Function, error-function-complement: Private ordinary functions
Function, even-power-of-two?: Private ordinary functions
Function, f-score>p-limit?: Private ordinary functions
Function, f-significance: Public ordinary functions
Function, f-test: Public ordinary functions
Function, factorial: Private ordinary functions
Function, false-discovery-correction: Public ordinary functions
Function, find-critical-value: Private ordinary functions
Function, fisher-exact-test: Public ordinary functions
Function, fisher-z-transform: Public ordinary functions
Function, gamma-incomplete: Private ordinary functions
Function, gamma-ln: Private ordinary functions
Function, geometric-mean: Public ordinary functions
Function, harmonic-mean: Private ordinary functions
Function, histovalues: Private ordinary functions
Function, linear-regression: Public ordinary functions
Function, lmean: Private ordinary functions
Function, max*: Private ordinary functions
Function, mcnemars-test: Public ordinary functions
Function, mean: Public ordinary functions
Function, mean-sd-n: Public ordinary functions
Function, median: Public ordinary functions
Function, min*: Private ordinary functions
Function, mode: Public ordinary functions
Function, n-random: Private ordinary functions
Function, normal-mean-ci: Public ordinary functions
Function, normal-mean-ci-on-sequence: Public ordinary functions
Function, normal-pdf: Public ordinary functions
Function, normal-sd-ci: Public ordinary functions
Function, normal-sd-ci-on-sequence: Public ordinary functions
Function, normal-variance-ci: Public ordinary functions
Function, normal-variance-ci-on-sequence: Public ordinary functions
Function, normalize: Private ordinary functions
Function, p2: Private ordinary functions
Function, percentile: Public ordinary functions
Function, permutations: Public ordinary functions
Function, phi: Public ordinary functions
Function, poisson-cumulative-probability: Public ordinary functions
Function, poisson-ge-probability: Public ordinary functions
Function, poisson-mu-ci: Public ordinary functions
Function, poisson-probability: Public ordinary functions
Function, poisson-test-one-sample: Public ordinary functions
Function, protected-mean: Private ordinary functions
Function, pround: Private ordinary functions
Function, random-normal: Public ordinary functions
Function, random-pick: Public ordinary functions
Function, random-sample: Public ordinary functions
Function, range: Public ordinary functions
Function, regress: Private ordinary functions
Function, round-float: Public ordinary functions
Function, round-up: Private ordinary functions
Function, s2: Private ordinary functions
Function, safe-exp: Private ordinary functions
Function, sd: Public ordinary functions
Function, sign: Private ordinary functions
Function, sign-test: Public ordinary functions
Function, sign-test-on-sequences: Public ordinary functions
Function, spearman-rank-correlation: Public ordinary functions
Function, sqr: Private ordinary functions
Function, standard-deviation: Public ordinary functions
Function, standard-error: Private ordinary functions
Function, standard-error-of-the-mean: Public ordinary functions
Function, sum: Private ordinary functions
Function, t-distribution: Public ordinary functions
Function, t-p-value: Private ordinary functions
Function, t-significance: Public ordinary functions
Function, t-test-one-sample: Public ordinary functions
Function, t-test-one-sample-on-sequence: Public ordinary functions
Function, t-test-one-sample-sse: Public ordinary functions
Function, t-test-paired: Public ordinary functions
Function, t-test-paired-on-sequences: Public ordinary functions
Function, t-test-paired-sse: Public ordinary functions
Function, t-test-two-sample: Public ordinary functions
Function, t-test-two-sample-on-sequences: Public ordinary functions
Function, t-test-two-sample-sse: Public ordinary functions
Function, t1-test: Private ordinary functions
Function, t1-value: Private ordinary functions
Function, t2-test: Private ordinary functions
Function, t2-value: Private ordinary functions
Function, testanova2: Private ordinary functions
Function, tukey-q: Private ordinary functions
Function, variance: Public ordinary functions
Function, wilcoxon-1: Private ordinary functions
Function, wilcoxon-signed-rank-test: Public ordinary functions
Function, wilcoxon-signed-rank-test-on-sequences: Public ordinary functions
Function, x2test: Private ordinary functions
Function, z: Public ordinary functions
Function, z-test: Public ordinary functions
Function, z-test-on-sequence: Public ordinary functions

G
gamma-incomplete: Private ordinary functions
gamma-ln: Private ordinary functions
geometric-mean: Public ordinary functions

H
harmonic-mean: Private ordinary functions
histovalues: Private ordinary functions

L
linear-regression: Public ordinary functions
lmean: Private ordinary functions

M
Macro, display: Private macros
Macro, square: Public macros
Macro, test-variables: Public macros
Macro, underflow-goes-to-zero: Private macros
Macro, z/protect: Private macros
max*: Private ordinary functions
mcnemars-test: Public ordinary functions
mean: Public ordinary functions
mean-sd-n: Public ordinary functions
median: Public ordinary functions
min*: Private ordinary functions
mode: Public ordinary functions

N
n-random: Private ordinary functions
normal-mean-ci: Public ordinary functions
normal-mean-ci-on-sequence: Public ordinary functions
normal-pdf: Public ordinary functions
normal-sd-ci: Public ordinary functions
normal-sd-ci-on-sequence: Public ordinary functions
normal-variance-ci: Public ordinary functions
normal-variance-ci-on-sequence: Public ordinary functions
normalize: Private ordinary functions

P
p2: Private ordinary functions
percentile: Public ordinary functions
permutations: Public ordinary functions
phi: Public ordinary functions
poisson-cumulative-probability: Public ordinary functions
poisson-ge-probability: Public ordinary functions
poisson-mu-ci: Public ordinary functions
poisson-probability: Public ordinary functions
poisson-test-one-sample: Public ordinary functions
protected-mean: Private ordinary functions
pround: Private ordinary functions

R
random-normal: Public ordinary functions
random-pick: Public ordinary functions
random-sample: Public ordinary functions
range: Public ordinary functions
regress: Private ordinary functions
round-float: Public ordinary functions
round-up: Private ordinary functions

S
s2: Private ordinary functions
safe-exp: Private ordinary functions
sd: Public ordinary functions
sign: Private ordinary functions
sign-test: Public ordinary functions
sign-test-on-sequences: Public ordinary functions
spearman-rank-correlation: Public ordinary functions
sqr: Private ordinary functions
square: Public macros
standard-deviation: Public ordinary functions
standard-error: Private ordinary functions
standard-error-of-the-mean: Public ordinary functions
sum: Private ordinary functions

T
t-distribution: Public ordinary functions
t-p-value: Private ordinary functions
t-significance: Public ordinary functions
t-test-one-sample: Public ordinary functions
t-test-one-sample-on-sequence: Public ordinary functions
t-test-one-sample-sse: Public ordinary functions
t-test-paired: Public ordinary functions
t-test-paired-on-sequences: Public ordinary functions
t-test-paired-sse: Public ordinary functions
t-test-two-sample: Public ordinary functions
t-test-two-sample-on-sequences: Public ordinary functions
t-test-two-sample-sse: Public ordinary functions
t1-test: Private ordinary functions
t1-value: Private ordinary functions
t2-test: Private ordinary functions
t2-value: Private ordinary functions
test-variables: Public macros
testanova2: Private ordinary functions
tukey-q: Private ordinary functions

U
underflow-goes-to-zero: Private macros

V
variance: Public ordinary functions

W
wilcoxon-1: Private ordinary functions
wilcoxon-signed-rank-test: Public ordinary functions
wilcoxon-signed-rank-test-on-sequences: Public ordinary functions

X
x2test: Private ordinary functions

Z
z: Public ordinary functions
z-test: Public ordinary functions
z-test-on-sequence: Public ordinary functions
z/protect: Private macros